No: 10
1.
Experiment
vision:
To
write a program on the concept of Template function.
2.
OBJECTIVE:
Program
to implement Template function.
3.1
THEORY:
-
Template
The
template in C++ allows us to operate on any data type for which the
internal implementation is appropriate. Template can be defined for
both classes and functions therefore there are two types of template
in C++.
1)Function
Template
2)Class
Template
-
Function Template:- Function Template could be used to create a family of functions with different argument types.
-
Class Template:- Class Template are generally used for data storage classes.
3.2
PROGRAM:
1)
Following is an example which makes use of Function template.
#include
<iostream>
using
namespace std;
template
<class T>
void
swap(T &x,T &y)
{
T
temp=x;
x=y;
y=temp;
}
void
fun(int m,int n,float a,float b)
{
cout<<"m
and n before swap:"<<m<<" "<<n<<"\n";
swap(m,n);
cout<<"m
and n after swap:"<<m<<" "<<n<<"\n";
cout<<"a
and b before swap:"<<a<<" "<<b<<"\n";
swap(a,b);
cout<<"a
and b after swap:"<<a<<" "<<b<<"\n";
}
int
main()
{
fun(100,200,11.22,33.44);
return
0;
}
3.3
OUTPUT:
m
and n before swap: 100 200
m
and n after swap: 200 100
a
and b before swap: 11.22 33.44
a
and b after swap: 33.44 11.22
4.1
PROGRAM:
2)
Following is an example which makes use of Class template.
#include
<iostream>
using
namespace std;
template<class
t1,class t2>
class
test
{
t1
a;
t2
b;
public:
test(t1
x,t2 y)
{
a=x;
b=y;
}
void
show()
{
cout<<a<<"and"<<b<<"\n";
}
};
int
main()
{
test<float,int>test1(1.23,123);
test<int,char>test2(100,'w');
test1.show();
test2.show();
return
0;
}
4.2
OUTPUT:
5.
conclusion:
Thus
C++
programs by using template function have
been executed successfully.
6.
PRECAUTIONS:
1.
Avoid wrong keywords.
2.
Check whether all brackets are closed properly or not.
3.
Take desired output.
4.
In case of abnormal results, Contact
the teacher/instructor, repeat the
experiment,
and check the algorithm and program.
7.
REMARK:
A
template can be considered as a macro. When an object of a specific
type is defined for actual use, the template definition for that
class is substituted with the required data type.
8.
Discussion
Questions:
1)
Explain Template in detail.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2)
What are the two types of template?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3)
What is syntax for writing class template?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4)
What is syntax for writing function template?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
5)
Explain class template with multiple argument.
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